Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Understanding Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

The sacroiliac (SI) joint is where your spine connects to your pelvis, located at the base of the spine near the tailbone. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction happens when this joint doesn’t move properly, causing pain—especially in the lower back. It’s a condition more commonly seen in young and middle-aged women.

Treatment Options for SI Joint Dysfunction

1. Sacroiliac Joint Fusion

This minimally invasive surgery involves fusing the SI joint to stop excessive movement and reduce pain. The surgeon makes two small incisions (around 2 cm each) and inserts triangular titanium implants into the joint. These implants help stabilize the lower back and prevent further wear. The procedure usually takes about an hour and uses a fluoroscope (a live X-ray) to ensure accuracy. No muscles or ligaments are cut during the process.

2. SiLO™ SI Joint Fixation System

A newer method involves using a graft made of human bone to fuse the joint. Here’s how it works:

• A small incision is made to access the joint.
• A special tool (GhostTube™) is inserted to view the joint.
• A bone surface is prepared using a decorticator to encourage fusion.
• Biologics (materials that help bones heal) are added.
• The SiLO™ bone graft is placed into the joint.
• More biologics may be added as needed.

The implant’s unique design helps it stay in place and support the joint while it heals. This system may relieve pain caused by joint damage or instability.

3. Sacroiliac Joint Injections

This minor procedure delivers pain relief directly to the joint. It involves injecting:

• A local anesthetic to numb the area.
• A steroid to reduce inflammation and swelling.

You may feel immediate relief from the numbing medication, though this may wear off in a few hours. The steroid starts working after several days and can offer longer-lasting relief.

4. Medications

Pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen are often the first step. These reduce inflammation and help manage discomfort.

5. Chiropractic Care

Chiropractic adjustments can help restore movement if the joint is too stiff. However, if the joint is too loose (hypermobile), this treatment may worsen symptoms.

6. Physical Therapy and Exercise

Therapists focus on strengthening the muscles around the SI joint to improve stability and support. Customized exercises can help prevent future problems.

7. Heat, Ice, and Rest

• Use ice packs for 15–20 minutes to reduce swelling and numb pain, especially right after an injury.
• Use heat therapy after the acute pain decreases to relax tight muscles and improve blood flow.
• Avoid compresses during periods of severe pain.
• Warm compresses are helpful before physical activity to loosen muscles and reduce injury risk. Apply several times a day as needed.

Summary of Treatment Options:

Sacroiliac Joint Fusion

SiLO™ Fixation System

Joint Injections

Pain and Anti-inflammatory Medications

Chiropractic Therapy (when appropriate)

Physical Therapy

Heat/Ice Therapy and Rest

Diagnostic Consultation